全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读

全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试
外刊经贸知识选读试题
课程代码:00096

请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上

一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分）
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组,请将其代码填写在答题纸相应的位置上.错选、多选或未选均无分.

1. The strong increase in imports last year is attributed to buoyant economic activity as well as to the success of the Government’s trade and foreign investment policies.
A. ascribed
B. described
C. distributed
D. contributed

2. In April 1984, the State Council declared 14 cities along the entire coast plus Hainan Island open to foreign investment.
A. demonstrated
B. informed
C. announced
D. displayed

3. In Shanghai, Tianjin and other urban centers, China is trying — with considerable success — to attract high-technology firms that will modernize its economy.
A. considerate
B. considering
C. great
D. massive

4. Chile has now been growing at an average annual rate of 4.5 percentage points for the past six years.
A. quarterly
B. weekly
C. monthly
D. yearly

5. But it appears that officials are prepared to turn up the temperature on trade — and live with the consequences.
A. consensus
B. results
C. frequencies
D. agreements

6. If the political will to continue moving forward fails, we can anticipate more strains in the marriage contract that ultimately would strike at what we’ve accomplished.
A. activate
B. participate
C. complete
D. expect

7. Having argued that criticism of the trade surplus is misconceived, MITI’s paper goes on to predict that the surplus will, of its own accord, gradually diminish in size and relevance.
A. willingly
B. reluctantly
C. accordingly
D. thoroughly

8. Korea, once known as the "Hermit Kingdom", is plainly on the move.
A. on motion
B. in progress
C. under revolution
D. for evolution

9. Shaikh Fahim has already shown in recent public statements that he is inclined to be forthright about the threat posed by the UAE’s neighbours across the Gulf.
A. forthcoming
B. former
C. upright
D. straightforward

10. Jean-Pierre Soisson, the farm minister, has said France may block the EC’s acceptance of a new farm-trade deal, and thereby wreck the round.
A. boom
B. blink
C. construct
D. obstruct

11. But countertrade is not the exclusive province of debtor nations.
A. creditor
B. borrower
C. purchaser
D. loaner

12. The company is distributing more consumer coupons and giving bottlers bigger discounts.
A. giving out
B. assembling to
C. collecting up
D. gathering upon

13. Hong Kong Eggs and Products Company monopolizes the import of Chinese eggs, both fresh and preserved.
A. confines
B. minimizes
C. dominates
D. mobilizes

14. All other things being equal, a subsequent fall in the dollar might be expected to give a compensating boost to dollar commodity prices.
A. pull
B. push
C. drag
D. draw

15. Values declined in line with platinum and New York advices as miners were encouraged to return to work by management promises of negotiation.
A. in contrast with
B. in terms with
C. in comparison with
D. in agreement with

16. fiscal packages

17. countervailing duty

18. debt service

19. liquid assets

20. good resistance

21. current account

22. cash crops

23. GNP

24. deinflationary policy

25. equivalent value

三、将下列词组译成英文（本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分）

26. 市场份额

27. 供应短缺

28. 世界银行

29. 资本货物

30. 生产力

31. 国内需求

32. 外汇收入

33. 进口税

34. 有形贸易收支

35. 利润汇款

Passage 1

If Europeans aren’t bursting to give the single market a coming-out party, it may simply be that markets aren’t the kinds of things people gush about, as EC commission president Jacques Delors has often noted. The fact that free movement of people — an aspect of the market that will be most evident to the average person — is not yet a reality also plays a role.

Another explanation is that many of the market’s original 282 directives have already been implemented.

"By Jan. 1 we will have passed 95 per cent of what we sought in 1986 to create the single market, and much of that will already have been translated into national law," says Perissich. "Adjustment to the market has been going on for years and won’t be expected over-night."

36. What does the first sentence tell us about Europeans’ attitude toward the single market?

37. What are the reasons why Europeans don’t give the single market a coming-out party?

38. How do you interpret in English the underlined word "translate" in the third paragraph? Please find an appropriate Chinese equivalent for it.

Passage 2

On a conservative estimate the Uruguay round would permanently raise global welfare by more than $100 billion a year, spur economic growth everywhere, and extend competition to hitherto sheltered, and therefore backward, parts of all economies. By any standards, it would be a hugely valuable achievement.

Such opportunities come too rarely to be squandered. Yet this one still may be.

39. What would the Uruguay round bring to the backward parts of economies?

40. Why would an economy be backward once it is "sheltered"?

41. Please rewrite in full the last sentence "Yet this one still may be".

五、正误判断题（本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分）

Passage 1

Today, the Internet is changing the way business transactions are conducted. It is empowering both consumers and businesses by providing expanding markets and choices to not only national, but also international communities. It brings more competition in products and prices and it encourages change and improvement, given its ability to provide information and comparative choices.

Putting up a Website to promote and display products, and attracting online shoppers to look around at the products, however, are only one way of conducting business via the Internet. To realize the true potential of electronic commerce, an effective method of receiving payment for products which are sold or delivered through the Internet is a necessity. This is the focus of current Internet-related research. While it is currently possible to buy things over the Internet, this form of commerce has not yet gained enough popularity. It has great potential.

While nobody is certain what the future will bring, we do know that the Internet recognizes no national borders. Electronic commerce is global in nature, so the Internet can’t help but dramatically increase international business. The ever-changing technology in electronic commerce and the introduction of new hardware, software, and service technology force businesses to quickly adjust their basic business strategies. Companies who want to participate in the worldwide electronic commerce revolution must adapt their electronic service capabilities and products to the requirements of the electronic commerce marketplace.

42. One result of e-commerce is more competition in products and prices.

43. The potential of the Internet goes far beyond displaying and promoting products.

44. Paying for products and receiving payment through the Internet are now very effective.

45. The problem with the Internet is that it does not recognize international money.

46. The Internet cannot greatly help international business.

Passage 2

The global economy is becoming more integrated than ever before. A half-century of emphasis on free trade by major industrial countries has resulted in the freer flow of goods, services, and capital among nations. As a result, companies both large and small now view the world, rather than a single country, as their marketplace. Also, companies have dispersed their manufacturing, marketing, and research facilities to those locations around the globe where cost and skill conditions are most favorable. This trend is now so pervasive in industries such as automobiles, aerospace, and electronics that it is becoming increasingly irrelevant to talk about "American products" or "Japanese products".

Consider what happens when an American consumer buys a car. The engine is produced in France, the storage battery in Japan, the seat belt in Austria, and the body is assembled in Germany. Is it a "German product"? Obviously not — but neither is it a "French product", a "Japanese product", or an "Austrian product". Like an increasing number of the products we buy today, it is an international product.

The increasing integration of the global economy has had many consequences. First, the volume of world trade grows at a faster rate than the volume of world output.

Second, foreign direct investment is playing an ever increasing role in the global economy as companies of all sizes invest in overseas operations.

A third consequence is that imports are penetrating deeper into the world’s largest economies. The growth of imports is a natural by-product of the growth of world trade and the trend toward the manufacture of component parts, or even entire products, overseas before shipping them back home for final sale.

Finally, the growth of world trade, foreign direct investment, and imports implies that companies around the globe are finding their home markets under attack from foreign competitors. This is true in Japan, where Kodak has taken market share in the photographic film industry away from Fuji and in the United States, where Japanese auto makers have captured market share from GM, Ford and Chrysler.

47. Major industrial countries have stressed the necessity of free trade since 50 years ago.

48. Big companies rather than small ones view the world as their marketplace.

49. With the increasing integration of the global economy, it’s harder to tell whether a certain product is made in a single country.

50. The entire products manufactured overseas are mainly sold overseas.

51. The example of Kodak indicates the result of economic integration.

六、翻译题（本大题12分）

52.For South Korea as a whole, that seems as much a prophecy as an ambition. Like Japan in the 1960s, the country is poised for an assault on the world’s export markets. Its surging $81 billion economy is churning out a flood of increasingly sophisticated products, from shoes, toys and telephones to video recorders and microprocessors. Korea’s mighty conglomerates dominate Middle East construction, and they command key shares of the world’s shipbuilding, textile and steel industries.